Physical Agent Modalities in Pain Management: An Evidence-Based Approach

Course Description: As physical and occupational therapists, one of the unique tools of our trade(s) is the use of physical agent modalities. When used effectively, these modalities can be used to facilitate accomplishment of a variety of patient goals.  This course focuses on the use of physical agent modalities for the management of pain and the recent evidence supporting their use.  We will look at how and when to use the following modalities for pain management: cryotherapy, superficial heat, ultrasound, electrotherapeutic agents, shortwave diathermy, iontophoresis and laser therapy. Presentation of relevant recent evidence is a major emphasis of this course.