Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (Elderberry)

Synonym: Sambucus canadensis Elderberry is a loose, multi-stemmed shrub with both woody and herbaceous branches. In late spring it produces cloud-like clusters of creamy white flowers, followed by fruit which is edible when ripe.  The fruit and flowers are used to make pies, wines, candies, beverages, and jellies among other things. The fruit is purple-black when ripe. Elderberry fruit is relished by birds. Elderberry can be pruned heavily, including cutting it down to the ground, to control size. Suckers should be removed unless spreading is desirable. It is a fast grower and aggressive spreader that competes well with weeds and herbaceous species. Elderberry can be planted in groups, as a hedge, or specimen. It performs well as a tall shrub border or screen, as a background for other plants or garden features, or in rain gardens.   AT A GLANCE Texas native Yes Water use Medium Sun exposure Sun to part shade Bloom color Creamy white Bloom time Spring Mature height 8-15 ft Mature spread 6-15 ft Attracts Birds, bees Erosion control Yes Edible  Yes Poisonous Leaves, stem, unripe fruit. Low toxicity if ingested. Notes Attracts beneficial insects. Native bee friendly.   DISTRIBUTION MAPS  USDA MAP BONAP MAP  Present in state  Present in county and native  Native to North America, but adventive & escaped in state           Not present in state  Present and rare, native in county  Previously present, now extinct  Questionable presence (cross-hatched, regardless of color)